手記: note / 酒気: smell of alcohol / 酒器: drinking vessel / 首記: abovementioned item / 朱記: written in red ink / 手旗: hand flag / 酒旗: flag as a sign for an izakaya

meddling, interference / starting a conflict

meddle, interfere / start a conflict, pick a fight

significant, remarkable (having noticeable effect)

富者: a rich person / 府社: a former rank for shrines, indicating a level of subsidy from the 幕府 (bakufu, “shogunate government”)

physically painful, agonizing / difficult, strenuous, mentally trying / mentally agonizing / tight (budget etc.), straitened / forced

士魂: a warrior spirit, a warrior soul / 支根: a branch root, a runner / 私恨: a personal grudge / 紫金: a purplish gold

thrifty, frugal

alms, handout (a gift to the poor or needy)

師恩: kindness of a teacher / 紫苑, 紫菀: an aster, a Michaelmas daisy: Aster tataricus / 歯音: a dental consonant / 子音: a consonant