題知らず: a written header of a waka poem stating that its theme or occasion is unknown / 題知らず: the waka poem itself with the unknown theme or occasion

miso soup: a soup, based in thick bean paste (called miso) and dashi, with some vegetables, tofu, occasionally meat.

(archaic, possibly obsolete) to do something little by little / (archaic, possibly obsolete) to hum

pretending to know

白んぼ: (derogatory, ethnic slur) whitey; cracker (Caucasian)

([…]はいざしらず、[…]) I don't know about […] , but […]

a cricket (insect)

white soil or earth, such as chalk / kaolin or other clay used for pottery or ceramics / white lacquer

tail

(physics, manufacturing) silicon. / (chemistry) Alternative form of シリコーン