difficult to read (characters or letters, for example)

nanshin, Imperial Japan's policy of southern expansionism towards southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands

advancement southward

to advance southward

Contraction of 南アフリカ (Minami Afurika, “South Africa (a country)”).

inoffensive; safe; free from trouble / faultless; tolerable; passable

(medicine) hearing loss, deafness; partial or total inability to hear

difficulty, hindrance / affliction, hardship

bogged down, hindered

to meet with difficulty / to be troubled / to suffer from