(affixed to nouns): the shape or form of the affixed noun / (affixed to on'yomi nouns): a typical example of the affixed noun; the type of the affixed noun

(linguistics) grammatical tense / (Japanese grammar) a conjugation form of a verb

one's clothing and appearance / one's body shape or form / one's circumstances or situation / the shape or form of something

following the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of a verb, indicates the state of the affixed verb or phrase: compare English just as

city

敵襲: an enemy attack

手首: wrist

壊滅的: devastating, catastrophic

歴史的: historic, historical

敵愾心: hostility