imperial edict

direct management

to manage directly

(Japanese orthography and phonology) a mora that consists of either (1) one vowel or (2) one consonant and one vowel, and is spelt with only one full-sized kana, such as あ (a), き (ki) or ぶ (bu)

erect; upright

to stand straight; to stand erect; to stand upright

an honest and straightforward record of something, without embellishment or omission / holding a brush vertically when writing to use the tip of the brush / the act of writing something oneself by hand

to record something in an honest and straightforward manner, without embellishment or omission / to hold a brush vertically when writing to use the tip of the brush / to write something oneself by hand

cheap, inexpensive / easy

to translate literally