whether or not

insignificant; meaningless; not worth attention

not a big deal; not important

in what manner, how / what about... (used to make a suggestion)

Casual greeting: Howdy? What's new? What's up? / Casual question: It works? Is it OK? / Call out to horses or cows to control/stop them: Ho! Hoy! Whoa!

万灯: ten thousand lights

銅貨: copper coin / 同化: assimilation, absorption, adaptation, blending in / 銅戈: bronze dagger-ax / 道家: Taoist / 同価: equivalent / 道歌: moral poem

(polite) please, anyhow

動作: a motion or behaviour / どうさ: Size, liquid which dissolved glue in water and added alum in it intended to be painted upon after dried. Used to be written as 陶砂 or 礬水.

同床: share a bed