turner (person working a lathe)

resistance, defiance, disobedience

resist, disobey, rebel

permanence, permanency, perpetuity

descent of a god from heaven to earth / (respectful) arrival

(of gods) to descend from heaven to the earth / (respectful) to appear; to arrive

weaver (one who weaves)

alumnus

Kyūjitai form of 小学校 (“elementary school; first school”)

red hair / during the Edo period, an epithet for the Dutch, contrasting with the term 南蛮 (nanban, literally “Southern barbarians”) used for the Spanish and Portuguese