Kamakura Period

wealth, good fortune, and longevity

(Shinto): Fukurokuju; a god of happiness, wealth, and longevity, and one of the seven gods of good fortune

"Historical kana usage", a prescriptive method of using kana to write Japanese. Devised in the Edo period by Keichū (契沖) and taught in schools until 1946, it aims to be etymologically faithful and reflects earlier stages of the language (Heian period and earlier).

revisionism

astronomy

Kyūjitai form of 天気: weather

Kyūjitai form of 天体 (“celestial body”)

judgement by the emperor

(mythology, Shinto): A heavenly/celestial fox; a nine-tail fox said to be the most powerful form of the kitsune: Once they turn 1,000-years-old, they gain all nine of their tails, turn a golden color, and ascend to the heavens, where they become celestial foxes.