He is still a fledgling and doesn't understand much about the adult world.

Due to the increase in consumption tax, the cost of goods has risen.

The import duties were so high that the price of the goods went up.

I plan to pay this year's income tax early.

When purchasing real estate, you need to pay stamp duty.

The price of this product is 3000 yen, tax excluded.

The price of this product is 5000 yen excluding tax.

The price of this product includes tax.

The price of this product is exclusive of tax.

The government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax.