(philosophy) I think therefore I am

太政官: highest government office under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system; chancellor of the realm

important / (archaic) difficult, highly troubling / (archaic) seriously ill or injured; grave

(politics, historical, archaic, rare) Synonym of 太政大臣 (ōki ōimōchigimi): the head of the Ōimatsurigoto no Tsukasa, equivalent to a “grand minister” or “chancellor of the realm”

lifelong / throughout one's life

If one learns without thinking, one will be lost in his learning. That is, if one does not think about what one learns, he will not arrive at the truth of it.

every

conspire / cheat / impose on / plan / devise / scheme / have in mind / deceive

talking to oneself; speaking to oneself; soliloquy

(government, historical, archaic) the highest governing body under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system between the Nara and Edo periods