(historical) Western ship that came to Japan

herdsman

(Internet slang) to follow someone back in return

(Internet slang) following back in return

(typography) flourish at the beginning or end of a stroke

(of a projectile) failure to explode / (of a project) failure to come to fruition

felt (cloth made of matted fibres of wool)

bedsheet

(biblical) Philip

smaller kanji historically used as a pronunciation guide, similar to modern furigana