(Buddhism) the four kinds of suffering: birth, old age, disease and death

(formal) to be like so, to be thus

叱り, 叱, 呵り, 呵: the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of 叱る (shikaru, “to scold”)

然し乍ら: however, nevertheless (slightly more formal than しかし)

nothing but, only (with negative verb)

(dentistry) root (of a tooth)

Japanese and Chinese poetry / (poetry) a rhymed poem

speech (at a ceremony)

a male given name

a philosophy in Shintoism; within one's own heart there exists four 'souls', in either their positive (直霊(なおび) (naobi) and/or negative (禍津日(まがつひ) (magatsuhi) aspects, and that it is the interactions between these four souls, in either aspect, and in varying amounts and levels, that can influence the ups and downs in that person's character, good or bad.