異性愛: heterosexuality

敗戦者: loser

異性化糖: high fructose corn syrup

奴隷制度: slavery (as a system or establishment; never as a state of being a slave)

visiting Ise Shrine

a geisha / one who is proficient in an art, an artisan / a person who utilizes their art as an occupation / one who entertains parties with song and dance

doctor

victim, casualty

water wheel

a type of corporation under Japanese law, analogous to an American business corporation or British public limited company