second helping

(honorific) someone's return

treat, feast / (honorific) to treat, to be treated

bow

If one learns without thinking, one will be lost in his learning. That is, if one does not think about what one learns, he will not arrive at the truth of it.

Alternative spelling of お手上げ: throwing up one's hands: giving up, quitting

Alternative spelling of お手上げ: throwing up one's hands: giving up, quitting

A group of onmitsu, government-employed undercover agents, established by the 8th Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Yoshimune (1684–1751). Sometimes described as ninja.

Panax ginseng (Chinese ginseng)

the most noble three branches of the Tokugawa clan (徳(とく)川(がわ)氏(し) (Tokugawa-shi)): 尾張(おわり) (Owari), 紀伊(きい) (Kī), and 水戸(みと) (Mito) / (figuratively) the "big three"