past tense and perfective aspect of おう (ou) [godan] / past tense and perfective aspect of おる (oru) [godan]

encourage / inspire / motivate / stimulate

hutong

beating, pounding

beat, pound

copper pot shaped like a kamado for boiling water (mainly used for warming up sake)

achievements of one's ancestors

martyr, hero

something flat; flattened / something ordinary, common, mediocre / a freshman / a novice / a private / the top ridge of a roof parallel to the side of a building / Short for 平織 (hiraori, “plain weave”).

single-minded