腎盂: renal pelvis

口中: interior of the mouth / 甲虫: beetle (read as かぶとむし in common) / 鈎虫, 鉤虫: hookworm / 校注, 校註: proofreading and annotation / 航宙: space flight / 鉱柱: rib, pillar

高知県: Kōchi Prefecture

拘置所: jail; detention facility

(slang) Alternative form of ちゃん (“-chan”); -tan

短期: short term / 短気: short temper / 単機: lone plane, airplane flying by itself / 単騎: lone horseman / 単記: single (ballot)

丹念: careful; painstaking; elaborate

丹念: assiduity; diligence; application

炭安: ammonium carbonate

単葉: simple leaf; monoplane