having a comeback or excuse for everything one is told, being smart in the sense of having a smart mouth

alabaster (variety of gypsum)

aureole (circle of light or halo around the head of a deity)

academy (specialized school), vocational school

account (a registry of pecuniary transactions)

daybreak, the first light of dawn / rays of hope, prospects

incense (A perfume often used in the rites of various religions)

Rare spelling of 抗原 (“antigen”).

being armored

be clad in armor, be armored