miso soup: a soup, based in thick bean paste (called miso) and dashi, with some vegetables, tofu, occasionally meat.

(archaic, possibly obsolete) to do something little by little / (archaic, possibly obsolete) to hum

pretending to know

白んぼ: (derogatory, ethnic slur) whitey; cracker (Caucasian)

([…]はいざしらず、[…]) I don't know about […] , but […]

an upperclassman / an older alumnus (graduate) of one’s school / a person who entered one’s workplace earlier; a senior; one who has seniority / an elder (one who is older)

comeback victory, coming from behind to win / winning after defeat seems certain

come from behind to win / win after defeat seems certain

病臥中: bedridden

a cricket (insect)