cold (ambient temperature, as a winter day is cold) / (figuratively) fearful / (of a joke) terrible; not funny

tie-dyeing

(historical) a warrior class in medieval and pre-modern Japan; samurai / a servant / a retainer / Short for 侍所 (samurai-dokoro): the Board of Retainers in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods.

Uncle Sam

reason; logic

a female given name

Kyūjitai form of 処理 (“processing”)

(historical, Taiwan under Japanese rule) management of the aborigines

(geology) lamination (small scale sequence of fine layers that occurs in sedimentary rocks)

Kyūjitai form of 条理