the last, the previous / pre- (of an era)

(rare) an honorific suffix added to a noun denoting a person

Eggcorn of 止むを得ない (yamu o enai, “have no choice but to”).

Alternative form of 止むを得ない (yamu o enai, “have no choice but to”)

beforehand; in advance

考え: thought, opinion

図鑑: An illustrated reference book, such as a field guide, bestiary, guide book, or picture book

監視網: surveillance network

寒天: Agar, agar-agar. / 寒点: The sensory cells of the skin that perceive cold. / 官展: An art exhibit hosted by the government. / 寛典: A generous favor; merciful treatment, a merciful sentence.

関与: taking part in / 干与: being concerned with