China, as opposed to Japan and other islands / mainland China

China proper

Chinese calendar

Communist Party of China

one-eyed goblin, a Japanese monster

"Historical kana usage", a prescriptive method of using kana to write Japanese. Devised in the Edo period by Keichū (契沖) and taught in schools until 1946, it aims to be etymologically faithful and reflects earlier stages of the language (Heian period and earlier).

revisionism

upper teeth

the diagram above; the top illustration

(as a) matter of fact; actually; in reality; de facto