using the 訓読(くんよ)み (kun'yomi, “native Japanese reading”) of kanji to represent 大和(やまと)言(こと)葉(ば) (yamato kotoba, “native Japanese words”), irrespective of the kanji's actual meaning

playful kun'yomi in the Man'yōshū

to read kanji using kun'yomi

of multiple kanji: having the same kun (訓)

king, lord, ruler / person of high rank / form of address to fellow colleagues or inferiors

suffix for boys' names / indicates respect / indicates familiarity

school precepts

lesson, teaching

to teach

despot; tyrant