(inorganic chemistry) A transparent, colourless to pale yellow, fuming corrosive liquid, HNO₃; a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in the production of fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels and in a wide variety of industrial processes; once called aqua fortis.

(organic chemistry) A colourless crystalline compound, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, C₆H₈O₇, found in citrus fruit; it is used as a food additive and in the manufacture of citrates.

(chemistry) a dicarboxylic acid, HOOC(CH₂)₃COOH, formed during the catabolism of tryptophan

(organic chemistry) A colourless syrupy organic compound, CH₂OH.CHOH.COOH, formed by the oxidation of glycerol or glyceraldehyde.

(chemistry) a solution of hydrogen iodide, HI, in water; it is a strong acid and reducing agent

(organic chemistry) The simplest carboxylic acid, HCOOH, a colourless, corrosive liquid with a sharp odour; it is present in the stings of ants, bees and nettles, and is prepared industrially by the oxidation of methanol or formaldehyde; it has some industrial uses, and its esters, the formates are used in perfumes.

(organic chemistry) An organic compound, C₆H₁₂O₇, formed by oxidizing the aldehyde functional group of glucose into a carboxylic acid; used as a food additive; any glucosyl derivative of this compound

(chemistry) A solution of hydrogen fluoride, HF, in water; it is a weak but very corrosive acid, used in the production of fluorine compounds, and in metallurgy.

Alternative spelling of hydrosulfurous acid

(chemistry) an alternative name for hyposulfurous acid