(statistics) A series of independent trials, analogous to repeatedly flipping a coin to determine whether it is fair.

A mathematical problem in which a set of deliveries must be made along a set of available routes between fixed sources and destinations, within limited time periods, and with the possibility of changing vehicles during a trip.

(law) Alternative form of balance of probabilities

A hypothetical process whereby the ergosphere of a black hole can be used as an energy source due to its angular momentum.

(science fiction) A von Neumann machine, or machine capable of self-replication, that is sent on interstellar voyages to investigate or terraform.

A hypothetical machine sent on interstellar voyages to communicate with an alien civilization.

A process for washing pig iron, differing from the Bell process in using manganese as well as iron oxide, and performed in a Pernot furnace.

The process of removing moisture from the blast of an iron blast furnace by reducing its temperature so far that it will not remain suspended as vapour in the blast current, but will be deposited as snow in the cooling apparatus. The resultant uniformly dehydrated blast effects great economy in fuel consumption, and promotes regularity of furnace operation, and certainty of furnace control.

The process of washing molten pig iron by adding iron oxide.

A process for toughening self-hardening steel by heating and cooling it to various temperatures in molten lead, oil, and air.