(organic chemistry) A dicarboxylic acid, HOOC-(CHOH)₄-COOH, produced by the oxidation of the milk sugar galactose, used as a test for the presence of galactose and/or lactose.

(organic chemistry) a white crystalline dicarboxylic acid, CH₂(COOH)₂, used in making barbiturates

(chemistry) A pale yellow liquid, H₃PO₂, used as a reducing agent.

(organic chemistry) An organic compound, 6-methyl-9,10-didehydro-ergoline-8-carboxylic acid, derived from an alkaloid found in ergot; its amide derivatives are widely used as pharmaceuticals and as hallucinogenic drugs (LSD).

(inorganic chemistry) A solution of hydrogen bromide, HBr, in water; it is a strong acid, used in the production of bromine compounds.

(organic chemistry) A colourless crystalline dicarboxylic acid, hydroxy-malonic acid, found in wine, apples and other fruit; it is converted to lactic acid by malolactic fermentation.

(biochemistry) A water-soluble antioxidant vitamin, 3-[(2R)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido]propanoic acid needed for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; it is found in cereals, legumes, meat and other foods

(inorganic chemistry) An unstable acid, H₂S₂O₂, only known in solution, used as a reducing agent; its salts are hyposulfites).

(inorganic chemistry) A colourless liquid, H₃PO₄, used in the manufacture of fertilizers, detergents and pharmaceuticals and as an additive in cola drinks.

(organic chemistry) A saturated fatty acid, CH₃(CH₂)₁₀COOH, occurring in coconut, palm and laurel oil; mostly used in making cosmetics and soaps