(chemistry) any of the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom; capable of forming bonds with other atoms

(physics) The highest range of electron energies in an insulator or semiconductor that can be populated; it corresponds to the valence electrons of the constituent atoms

(chemistry) Any of a set of structural isomers that are related by a pericyclic reaction

(politics) An issue on which most voters and candidates share the same opinion.

(chemistry) A bond formed between one or more pairs of electrons in the valence shell of two or more atoms

plural of valence electron

The quality of a robot or other artificial entity to be perceived as more than an object, but as a social agent, like a pet or a person.

plural of valence shell

plural of primary valence

plural of secondary valence