南蛮

(derogatory, archaic) a foreigner from Portugal or Spain; more broadly, a westerner in general

(in Japan from the mid-1400s) the inhabitants of Southeast Asia, particularly the islands of Luzon and Java in the modern-day Philippines and Indonesia

(in ancient China) the non-Chinese ethnic groups to China's south

(in the ancient Baekje kingdom of the Korean peninsula) the island of Jeju to the south

a type of movement in kabuki, bunraku, and Japanese dance where the performer mirrors left and right (based on a common myth that westerners walked differently somehow)

short for 南蛮辛子 (nanban-garashi): a synonym for 唐辛子 (tōgarashi), the chili pepper

short for 南蛮黍 (nanban kibi): a synonym for 玉蜀黍 (とうもろこし, tōmorokoshi), common corn or maize

a general term for styles of cooking that use leeks, chilis, and oil

short for 南蛮煮 (nanban ni): a soup or stew dish cooked with leeks

short for 南蛮船 (nanbansen): a sailing ship from Spain or Portugal (in the Muromachi and Edo periods)