name of the state during the Zhou dynasty / the 劉宋 (Ryūsō), around 420-479 / the 北宋 (Hokusō, “Northern Song”) and 南宋 (Nansō, “Southern Song”) dynasties, spanning around 960-1279 / a surname

the practice of cutting off an ear as punishment

a name used in China / (politics, historical) the Chinese equivalent of certain Japanese government posts / (by extension) an alias, pseudonym

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