Idioms are a common stumbling block for learners of a language.

Resistance to Herzlian political Zionism in Russia displayed the familiar dichotomy between Jewish existence in the East and the West: a dichotomy between an almost intact community with living traditions and a Westernized, relatively emancipated Jewish culture that engaged in political action to substitute for its vanishing national identity.

Yet these contractual forms of labor exchange (i.e. hired herding and share herding), described in detail below, exist alongside other forms of inter-household cooperation and interaction including forms of patron-clientelism and, as such, have a diverse array of political effects and implications.

One heard too, often enough, that in Irving there was visible a certain joyancy and frankness of triumph[.]