Incantations were passed on from receptary to receptary, with little difference between the learned and the popular.

The wind was bitingly cold.

Henry VII obtained from his first parliament a grant of tonnage and poundage during life, according to several precedents of former reigns. But when general subsidies were granted, the same people […] twice broke out into dangerous rebellions; and as these, however arising from such immediate discontent, were yet connected a good deal with the opinion of Henry's usurpation, and the claims of a pretender, it was a necessary policy to avoid too frequent imposition of burdens upon the poorer classes of the community.

Some known Jordan curves in the basic topology are used to prove Jordan curve theorems that identify Jordan curves among simple closed ones in each of the four quotient pretopologies.