The corrections of the scholars consist of penitences and punitions; the former are, keeping a boy standing, or on his knees, or in an ignominious place; the latter are pensums (i. e. impositions), or, rarely, the use of a leather thong on the hand.

Young Muslims are essentially seen as 'ethnically challenged' and this is put at the core of their experience of disadvantaged positions. Prejudice and discrimination present authentically serious difficulties […]

This sense was expressed in a story about a friend who had been laid off (riffed) in a particularly uncaring manner.

God is not onely a bare permiſsiue agent in an euill worke, but a powerfull effectour of the ſame[…]