Because synapse loss and dysfunction occur before fibrillary tau tangles emerge in the tauopathy mouse AD model[20 ], VAChT may be used as a possible in vivo target for diagnoses of AD. It has been shown that vesamicol (2-(4-phenylpiperidino) cyclohexanol) binds to the ACh transporter on presynaptic acetylcholine storage vesicles and inhibits ACh uptake into the vesicle[21 ,22 ].