English Dictionary

by

/baɪ/

prep

Near or next to. / From one side of something to the other, passing close by; past. / Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval). / Following a passive verb.

The park is by the river.

意味（1）

Near or next to.

The mailbox is by the bus stop.

意味（2）

From one side of something to the other, passing close by; past.

The stream runs by our back door.

意味（3）

Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval).

Be back by ten o'clock!.

意味（4）

Following a passive verb.

The matter was decided by the chairman.

意味（5）

Following a noun.

There was a call by the unions for a 30% pay rise.

意味（6）

(not in common modern use) Following an adjective.

I was aghast by what I saw.

意味（7）

Indicates the creator of a work: Existing through the authorship etc. of.

There are many well-known plays by William Shakespeare

意味（8）

Indicates a means of achieving something: Involving/using the means of.

I avoided the guards by moving only when they weren't looking.

意味（9）

Indicates an authority according to which something is done.

意味（10）

Invokes an authority in an oath.

By Jove! I think she's got it!

意味（11）

Indicates a means of classification or organisation.

I sorted the items by category.

意味（12）

Indicates the amount of change, difference or discrepancy

Our stock is up by ten percent.

意味（13）

In the formulae X by X and by Xs, indicates a steady progression, one X after another.

We went through the book page by page.

意味（14）

(with the) Acted on in units of the specified size or measure. (Sometimes hyperbolically)

sold by the yard; cheaper if bought by the gross

意味（15）

per; with or in proportion to each.

His health was deteriorating by the day.

意味（16）

Indicates a referenced source: According to.

He cheated by his own admission.

意味（17）

Used to separate dimensions when describing the size of something.

It is easy to invert a 2-by-2 matrix.

意味（18）

(horse breeding) Designates a horse's male parent (sire); cf. out of.

She's a lovely little filly, by Big Lad, out of Damsel in Distress.

意味（19）

(chiefly Yeshivish) At, with, among

Are you eating by Rabbi Fischer? (at the house of)