(transitive) to withdraw (to pull back) / (transitive, computing) to undo / (transitive, intransitive) to back up (to move a vehicle backwards) / (intransitive, of a vehicle) to back up (to move backwards) / (reflexive) to back off, to fall back, to recede (to move back) / (reflexive) to go back [+ do (genitive)] (in time) / (reflexive) to back down, to shy away [+ przed (instrumental) = from something]