Mongolia: Country in Central Asia.

Outer Mongolia - An East Asian region, south of Siberia, west of Manchuria and north of Inner Mongolia (with closely related native Mongolian population), well north of the Great Wall, which never became an integral part of the Chinese empire, and later achieved autonomy and full independence of China, as the republic of Mongolia.

Inner Mongolia - An East Asian region, south of Outer Mongolia (the present Mongolian republic), with closely related native Mongolian population, mostly north of the Great Wall, which however became part of the Chinese empire, and later an autonomous region in the People's Republic of China, comprising several northern provinces.