(generally) difference / (arithmetic) difference

existence / being; entity

exist

clear, definite, precise

precision, accuracy

social standing, (social) status, (social) class

a land, a large place / a country in general, a region / a country as in a nation, a state / the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state / a province of ancient Japan

different / distinct / separate / vary / discrepancy / gap / difference / disparity / margin / variation / divergence

spring range / spring tide range

up and down / high grade and low grade / the upper and lower houses of the Diet or parliament / ascending and descending, climbing up and climbing down