obtaining something large with something small

to put in a little and get a lot out

throw a sprat to catch a mackerel

smallness; small size, small (sometimes used as an abbreviation for small serving, etc.) / Short for 小の月 (shō no tsuki).

to fish, to angle

a bug, insect, worm / a serpent, snake / (figurative): a worm (person living for only one thing) / (derogatory): a worm (despicable person) / a temperament (thought which is in the deep in mind)

take

sea bream / red snapper

sea bream (fish of the family Sparidae); porgy / specifically, the 真鯛(まだ) (mada, “red sea bream”)

a surname