an astronaut (member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft, or someone trained for that purpose)

xenobiology (speculative biology of extraterrestrial life)

(engineering) aerospace engineering

space probe

Synonym of 天体物理学 (tentai butsurigaku, “astrophysics”)

Alternative spelling of 確かめる

娘: girl; daughter

(informal) Clipping of 明けましておめでとう (akemashite omedetō, “Happy New Year”)

切れ目, 切目: break, pause, gap, end, rift

名刀: an excellent blade, famous sword / 銘刀: a sword inscribed with the maker's name / 名湯: a famous hot spring / 迷答: a nonsensical answer, a stupid answer / 名答: good answer