a child / (figuratively) a girl, especially a dear or desired one (compare use of English baby, babe) / a smaller or younger version of a bigger object

薇, 紫萁: Japanese flowering fern / 発条, 撥条: spring (device made of flexible material)

Japanese flowering fern (Osmunda japonica), of which the young fiddleheads are edible

spring (device made of flexible material), specifically the spiral torsion kind commonly used in clockwork that is coiled into a disc shape like a fern fiddlehead

song (especially when played with a shamisen)

ballad

小歌: a type of popular song / 小唄: ditty, ballad

歌: song / 唄: song / 詩: poem

live singing performance

popular song sung at karaoke with drinking, often with changed lyrics that are drinking-themed or simultaneously used as a drinking game