chalice

(collective) the five ranks of 爵 (shaku, “peerage”) in feudal China, bestowed on 諸侯 (shokō, “princes”) (sons, brothers, nephews, male cousins, etc.) of the 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”), later used as East Asian equivalents to European ranks

public / official, governmental

18 millimeters (a tenth of a 合(ごう) (gō)) / 0.033 square meters (a hundredth of a tsubo) / same as above

extravagant

which, how, who

the shaku, "metal shaku", or Japanese foot: a traditional Japanese unit of length equal to 10 sun (寸) or ¹⁄₁₀ jō (丈), standardized as ¹⁰⁄₃₃ of a meter

fair / white / clear / discriminate

ladle, dipper

8-feet lance