下書き: rough draft of a text / 下描き: rough sketch of a drawing

(non-Japanese and non-Korean grammar) an auxiliary verb

(grammar) transitive verb

a regular verb

a free Japanese verb (自立語 (jiritsugo)) that can be grammaticalized by being attached to an inflectional form of another 用言 (yōgen, “inflected word”)

causative verb

(grammar) a potential verb (indicates that something is possible)

(linguistics, grammar) pro-verb, pro-form of a verb

(grammar, linguistics) compound verb

(grammar) a -na adjective: specific to Japanese grammar, an adjective with an attributive form that ends in な (-na)