study of something; the sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning; scholarship

benevolent rule of a country / proper technique, a procedure without flaws / conventional technique/way / (calque of English royal road) an easy or painless way to do something

to study, to engage in scholarship

kumon; official documents submitted to the central government in the ritsuryō system

study of something; the sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning; scholarship

to study, to engage in scholarship

agony, anguish, worry, trouble

(informal) malicious question (on a test)

brass

The central region of Hokkaido, Japan.