like to / enjoy / be fond of

The Japanese yakuza finger-cutting ritual, a punishment for failure.

the way one feels unsettled due to fright / the way one is upset

(obsolete) chess (literally, western-style shogi)

chu shogi (Japanese chess variant played on a 12×12 board)

The hiragana syllable ろ (ro). Its equivalent in katakana is ロ (ro). It is the forty-third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ら行お段 (ra-gyō o-dan, “row ra, section o”).

炉: furnace, kiln

(endearing) denotes endearment

論: theory, argument, view

論理: logic