the period of one year

passing (as in a test) / suitability, eligibility

to pass (a test)

a masterless samurai / a vagrant, a vagabond, a wanderer / someone in exile / a prisoner / someone who has been laid off or fired, an unemployed person

to study for the following year's annual university entrance exams after failing / (archaic) to lose one's master / to become unemployed, to lose one's job

he / distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that / boyfriend

distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon / particularly, male personal third person pronoun: he / by extension from he: boyfriend

(Confucianism) Great Learning

a university; a college

he; boyfriend