a place name, such as that of Mount Mikuni in Gifu prefecture / a surname

State of Japan (de facto official name of Japan, 1947 to present)

(rare) State of Japan (de facto official name of Japan, 1947 to present)

(historical) Manchuria, Manchukuo

advanced country, developed country

a male given name

a surname

a republic, now only either the Republic of China or the Republic of Korea

(Internet slang, derogatory, offensive, with place name) suffix that indicates many 在(ざい)日(にち) (zainichi) live in the area

(obsolete) Russia