one's favorite, accustomed

Short for つけまつげ (tsukematsuge).

sharpening the blade of a knife

roots of hair / base of the nail, ear, etc. / joint of the body

paying on credit

water caltrop

(historical) Short for 下野国 (Shimotsuke-no-kuni): Shimotsuke Province, an old province of Japan, now part of Tochigi Prefecture / Short for 下野市 (Shimotsuke-shi): Shimotsuke City in Tochigi Prefecture

the Japanese meadowsweet, Spiraea japonica

(literary) they (about women or girls)

What you like to do, you will do well. To improve your skills in something, you must enjoy doing it.