understanding, comprehension / appreciation

we; us

(respectful) current emperor's deceased paternal father / (respectful) grandfather

to study / to learn

in addition; furthermore / on top of (which)

the above / the top (position or direction) / the surface of / superior in skill, age, level, etc.

important, significant

importance, consequence, significance

understand, comprehend / appreciate

a land, a large place / a country in general, a region / a country as in a nation, a state / the office of emperor, the crown; affairs of state / a province of ancient Japan