(number theory) Any number of the form k·2ⁿ + 1, where k is odd, n is a positive integer, and 2ⁿ > k.

plural of Proth number

(mathematics) A Proth number that is prime.

plural of Proth prime

A small North American bird, Protonotaria citrea, having a yellow body and blue wings; it breeds in swampland.

(phonology) The prepending of phonemes at the beginning of a word without changing its morphological structure, as in Spanish esfera from Latin sphaera (“sphere”) (without prothesis the word would have become *sfera).

(Christianity) The preparation and preliminary oblation of the Eucharistic bread and wine in the Divine Liturgy of the Eastern Orthodx and Eastern Catholic Churches. / (by extension) Credence table.

(obsolete, historical) A chief legal clerk or notary in Roman Byzantium, and (hence) in Rome.

plural of prothesis

Exhibiting prothetely; prothetelic