A major industrial city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in western Germany. / A surname from German.

plural of Essene

(historical) A member of a first-century ascetic Jewish sect in ancient Palestine from the second century BCE to the second century CE. The Essenes are believed to have been the authors of the Dead Sea scrolls.

The doctrines or practices of the Essenes.

plural of Essenism

Relating to the Essenes.

A primitive sprouted bread prepared at a low temperature.

plural of Essene bread

Necessary. / Very important; of high importance. / (biology) Necessary for survival but not synthesized by the organism, thus needing to be ingested. / Being in the basic form; showing its essence.

A necessary ingredient. / A fundamental ingredient.