grammar

the above / the top (position or direction) / the surface of / superior in skill, age, level, etc.

in addition; furthermore / on top of (which)

understand, comprehend / appreciate

important, significant

importance, consequence, significance

two, 2 / second

(grammar) a verbal conjugation class consisting of five alternating bases: -a, -i, -u, -e, and -o

(Classical Japanese grammar) a verbal conjugation class consisting of four alternating bases: -a, -i, -u, and -e

(linguistics, uncommon) trigrade conjugation / (informal) 3-step process